10 October 2008
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activities > EuropeOperational Activities Interpol's involvement in European co-operation initiatives In the light of Article 2 of INTERPOL's Constitution and in line with the mandate of the Sub-Directorate for Europe, one of INTERPOL's areas of responsibility is to maintain and develop strategic alliances with other regional and international organizations whose objectives are compatible with INTERPOL's stated aims. INTERPOL continually seeks to integrate its activities, network and resources with these emerging regional initiatives. This issue has been discussed on several occasions during INTERPOL Regional Conferences and other regional meetings. The advantages to all organizations of a unified communications and co-operation network have been considered. During the European Regional Conference (Reykjavik, 17 - 19 May 2000) it was decided to distribute fact sheets containing relevant information about the various international initiatives which have been set up in the European region and in which INTERPOL plays or could play a role. The document prepared for the 26th Meeting of the INTERPOL European Committee in June 2000 will be updated and adapted to the new European reality. Attached you will find descriptions of the background, mission, structure, participating countries and INTERPOL’s role in the organizations involved in the present European regional initiatives. The Sub-Directorate for Europe encourages the NCBs in the countries concerned to keep up to date with new initiatives involving law enforcement co-operation and, where feasible, to promote the role and potential of INTERPOL, which aims at the rationalization and simplification of international law enforcement activities.
Background The Stability Pact is an initiative launched by President Clinton and European leaders at the Sarajevo Summit in July 1999, initiated by the European Union with strong support from the United States, and placed under the auspices of the Organization for Security and Mission The Pact aims are: to foster democracy, respect for human rights, economic development and security throughout the region in order to achieve stability in the whole region. So far, the key achievements of the Stability Pact include the following: Advancing Economic Development, Improving the Investment Climate, Tapping Private Sector Expertise, and Fighting Crime and Corruption and Combating Corruption. Structure The Stability Pact is structured in three working tables: human rights and democratization, economic reconstruction and development, and security. The working tables are each divided into three further groups with regard to the urgency and readiness for implementation:
Participating countries Participants in the Pact are the countries of the region to which it applies, i.e. Albania, Role of Interpol In order to contribute its policing expertise, INTERPOL has been invited to participate in the Stability Pact through the Working Table on Security Issues. In accordance with the proposal for a Stability Pact initiative on organized crime in South-Eastern Europe, INTERPOL is a member of the Advisory and Contact Group together with other institutions with relevant subject-matter expertise. It is important to note that the Initiative does not propose any new systems for processing and analysing intelligence relating to trans-national organized crime in the region. It creates a mechanism for governments and relevant law enforcement authorities to co-ordinate their efforts and to better utilise the existing structures of agencies such as INTERPOL. In addition, INTERPOL has participated in several SPSEE general and specialized activities such as conferences and training activities. For its part, SPSEE has attended all the European Regional Conferences (ERCs) as an observer.
Background The Southeast European Co-operative Initiative (SECI) was launched on 6 December 1996 in Geneva. SECI's main goals are as follows:
In addition to the European Union and the United States, Italy and Switzerland are also supporting countries. Mission An agreement on co-operation has been signed by the participating countries in order to improve the effectiveness of the prevention, detection, investigation and prosecution of Structure The existing structures for co-operation in the region serve as a basis for SECI's work. SECI‘s Regional Centre for combating trans-border crime is located in the Parliament Building in Bucharest, Romania. Participating countries Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Greece, Hungary, Moldova, , Romania, Slovenia and Turkey. Role of Interpol INTERPOL has followed the developments of the Initiative since the very beginning by attending SECI meetings and promoting INTERPOL's telecommunications and administrative network for the international exchange of information in order to avoid duplication of effort. A Co-operation agreement between the SECI Center for combating transborder crime, the Government of Romania and the ICPO-INTERPOL on communication connectivity for the exchange of Information was signed on 25 February 2002. The object of the agreement was to allow the SECI Center's police liaison officers, each duly authorized by their NCBs, to exchange information with INTERPOL via the technical equipment of the INTERPOL NCB in Romania. This Agreement was concluded on an interim basis and it was agreed to continue negotiations in order to reach an agreement regulating relations and the direct exchange of information between the two organizations. Owing to technical obstacles, SECI was not able to implement the Agreement until October 2003. Given that its duration was initially intended to be ''until a co-operation agreement is concluded between SECI and, but not beyond the date of 31 December 2003'', SECI asked to extend the duration of the agreement for one more year and to revise the draft
Background The Canadian Government, in a joint venture between the Canadian International Development Agency and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police greatly assisted member countries in the establishment of the Southeast Europe Police Chiefs Association (SEPCA). Its objectives are to improve police cooperation between members, develop professionalism and facilitate reforms in the police services. SEPCA was formed in Pula, Republic of Croatia in January 2002. The Statute of the association was adopted in October 2002 in Bucharest, Romania. At that same time the Executive Board and management of the association were elected. The Association held its first official Annual general meeting on June 2003, in Belgrade. Since last general meeting held in June 2007 in Pula/Croatia, Bulgaria took the presidency of SEPCA for next period and Sofia is site of its Secretariat office. Mission The Mission of the Association is to be the principal regional organization for promoting and facilitating:
Structure
Participating countries Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina) Republic of Serbia, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova Montenegro. Invitations have been forward to Greece, Turkey and Ukraine for a future membership. Role of INTERPOL INTERPOL is currently working on the establishment of permanent contact with SEPCA, in order to coordinate its activities with other regional partners in the South eastern European region of to avoid undesirable double effort or crossing of aims.
Background On 10 June 1999, the United Nations Security Council authorized the Secretary General of the United Nations to establish in Kosovo an interim civilian administration under which the people of the province could enjoy substantial autonomy. Later on, the Secretary General presented to the Council an operational concept of what has since come to be known as the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). Mission The United Nations Security Council has vested in the United Nations Mission authority over the territory and people of Kosovo, including all legislative and executive powers – inter alia maintaining civil law and order, as well as the administration of the judiciary. Currently UNMIK has over 4,500 international police and 5,000 KPS officers deployed in all five regions of the province and at border crossings. Structure Four international organizations and agencies (the United Nations, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the European Union) work together under the leadership of the Special Representative of the Secretary General of the United Nations. As Chief of Mission, he presides over the four sectors involved with implementing the civilian aspects of rehabilitating and reforming Kosovo. These sectors are:
The work of UNMIK will be conducted in five integrated phases:
Participating countries The United Nations and 49 participating countries have sent officers to serve at UNMIK. Despite the disparities between their respective policing experiences at home, all of them meet the international standards of policing required by the United Nations. Role of Interpol The General Secretariat of the ICPO-INTERPOL initiated contacts with UNMIK after the Secretary General received a letter from the UNMIK High Representative asking to examine possible methods of co-operation in Kosovo. A draft resolution authorizing INTERPOL to exchange information with international organizations was approved by the 69th General Assembly session ( Rhodes, November 2000). The Co-operation Agreement entered into force on 20 December 2002, once signed by the Secretary General of the ICPO-INTERPOL, and the Deputy Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary General. IPSG has organized two working meetings with UNMIK in order to implement the Memorandum of Understanding and to solve problems encountered during implementation on both sides. As a result of these meetings, UNMIK was connected to I-24/7 in June 2004 and a training course was provided to staff from the UNMIK INTERPOL office.
Background The European Union Police Mission (EUPM) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the successor to the United Nations International Police Task Force, started on 1 January 2003. The mission is part of a broad approach followed by the European Union and other actors, with activities addressing the whole range of Rule of Law aspects. Mission In line with the general objectives of the Paris/Dayton Agreement, EUPM seeks to establish sustainable policing arrangements under BiH ownership in accordance with best European and international practice. It does so in particular through monitoring, mentoring and inspection activities. The EUPM was established by a decision of the Council of the European Union on 11 March 2002 (Joint Action 2002/210/CFSP). The establishment of the mission was endorsed by both the Peace Implementation Council (PIC) Steering Board and the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1396 of 5 March 2002. The mission was established for duration of three years. Its annual budget is EUR 38 million, of which EUR 20 million comes from the European Union budget. The European Union Police Mission in BiH represents further tangible evidence of the development of the European security and defence policy (ESDP) and of the European Union's contribution to the international community's efforts to promote stability and security. It was the first ESDP operation launched by the European Union in 2003. Structure Some 500 police officers from more than thirty countries make up the mission: European Union Member States, together with several other countries. The mission, headed by the European Union Special Representative for BiH, maintains an overview of the whole range of EUPM activities. The Special Representative reports to the Council through the European Union High Representative for the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). Participating countries European Union Member States , Canada, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine Role of Interpol EUPM in BiH has replaced the United Nations Interim Mission in the country. INTERPOL maintains contact with EUPM for co-operation purposes through NCB Sarajevo. Mutually beneficial contact with EUPM has also improved the position of the NCB in Sarajevo.
Background The establishment of Europol was agreed in the Maastricht Treaty on the European Union of 7 February 1992 to improve co-operation between Member States in the areas of drug trafficking, terrorism and other serious forms of international organized crime. Europol headquarters is located in The Hague, Netherlands. Mission Europol's mission is to make a significant contribution to the European Union's law enforcement action in preventing and combating serious international crime with a particular emphasis on targeting criminal organizations. Europol supports the law enforcement activities of the European Union Member States mainly against:
Structure The Europol Convention states that Europol shall establish and maintain a computerized system to allow the input, access and analysis of data. The Europol Computer System has three principal components:
There are 610 people working at the Europol premises. Of these, 105 are liaison officers representing a variety of law enforcement agencies such as police, customs, gendarmerie, immigration services, etc. Participating countries Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and United Kingdom. In addition to the European Union Member States, Europol has negotiated bilateral operational or strategic agreements with other States and international organizations as follows (in alphabetical order): Albania, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Colombia, Croatia, Eurojust, European Central Bank, European Commission (including OLAF), European Monitoring Centre on Drug and Drug Addiction, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Iceland, ICPO-Interpol, Moldova, Norway, Russian Federation, Sitcen, Switzerland, Turkey, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, United States, World Customs Organisation. Role of Interpol On 27 March 2000, the Council of the European Union, a ministerial-level body, authorized the Director of Europol to begin negotiations with the ICPO-Interpol. The first meeting took place in The Hague on 18 and 19 April 2000. The text of the Co-operation Agreement between Europol and Interpol was approved by the Council of the European Union on 27 June 2001, and by the 70th General Assembly of Interpol, held in Budapest, on 26 September 2001. A Memorandum of Understanding was signed with Europol on 5 November 2001. A second Agreement on the establishment of a Europol Liaison Officer (ELO) at the IPSG was signed on 16 May 2003. The connection of this ELO to the Interpol’s Global Police Communications system 'I 24/7' was approved by both organizations with a new Memorandum of Understanding signed on 23 January 2004. Interpol and Europol have already implemented various joint projects, mainly on trafficking in human beings, money laundering and Euro counterfeiting. Regular bilateral meetings are organized between counterparts at both managerial and operational levels. Mutual representation in meetings is well established. INTERPOL Secretary General officially opened on 27 August 2007 the organization’s liaison office at the Europol headquarters to strengthen ongoing collaboration between the two police organizations. An exchange programme has been implemented in 2007 to develop increased awareness, build stronger relationships, and to facilitate the exchange of expertise and best practice: five officials per year from each organization will spend two weeks within the partner organization. The improvement in Europol - Interpol co-operation has been widely noted in international fora.
Background The European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member States was established by a Council Regulation. This was formally adopted at the Council of 26 th April 2005, but the agency started to be operational on 3 October 2005. The Commission selected the candidates for the post of Executive Director of the Agency, adopted on 25 May 2005 a short list and sent it for decision taken to the Management Board of the Agency. This Board consists of representatives of the Member States (+ Norway and Iceland) and of the Commission. The Board decides by 2/3 majority of all members with a right to vote on the appointment of the Executive Director. FRONTEX is granted autonomous budget whose revenue comes essentially from a contribution from the Community. The budget of FRONTEX has been in constant growth since the Agency has been established. For 2007 FRONTEX was granted a budget of 22.2 million EUR plus additional 13 million in reserve. Mission FRONTEX’ mission is to help EU Member States implement rules on external border controls and to coordinate operational cooperation between Member States in the field of external border management. The role of the Agency is supporting Member States to control their own borders with the same high standard of efficiency. Its goal is the coordination of intelligence driven cooperation at EU level to strengthen security at external borders. The Agency tasks do not refer to controls on goods and customs as such will not be coordinated by the Agency. The main tasks of FRONTEX include:
Structure FRONTEX has been established as an independent, specialized Community operational structure aimed at improving the operational co-operation between Member States. The Agency is a body of the Community. It is independent in relation to technical matters. The Agency is managed by an Executive Director and a Management Board. The staff of the agency is about 115 persons and it’s in constant increase. Specialized branches have been foreseen as an integrated part of the Agency. They are local offices reporting and taking instructions from the Agency itself. FRONTEX liaises closely with other Community and EU partners responsible for the security of external borders, such as EUROPOL, CEPOL, OLAF, the customs cooperation and the cooperation on phyto-sanitary and veterinary controls, in order to promote overall coherency. Participating Countries European Union Member States Role of INTERPOL The General Secretariat of INTERPOL and in particular the Sub-Directorate for Europe, has initiated institutional contacts with FRONTEX aiming at establishing a partnership with the Agency. A good co-operation with such a relevant EU body is essential to promote and strengthen INTERPOL’s complementary role within the European institutional co-operation, mainly on the control of external borders. INTERPOL intends to further develop its border protection services to Member Countries, thus enhancing the Organization’s ability to deliver police services under its four core functions in this specific area. This target is being accomplished proving Member Countries with necessary equipment and technical support to enable their real time access to INTERPOL's global Stolen and Lost Ttravel Documents (SLTD) data. In that field, a strong cooperation with FRONTEX is absolutely essential for both parties. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the two Organizations is in the process to be put in place. The object/purposes of this MoU is the exchange of strategic operational and technical information concerning criminal activities in particular those relating to migration phenomena
European union/Interpol cards project The European Commission approved a EUR 1.3 million programme to modernize NCBs in Balkan countries comprising Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, , and Serbia. As part of the implementation of this two-year project, INTERPOL was responsible for organizing an evaluation of needs, calls for tender where appropriate and the delivery/installation of equipment and training. By July 2003, all evaluation missions had been completed. INTERPOL provided a report to the Commission on proposed investments, both in training and equipment. The European Commission approved the report and authorized INTERPOL to proceed with calls for tender for the purchase of equipment and training (where applicable). At the beginning of August, INTERPOL notified the Heads of NCB as to the European Commission's approval and the calendar of future activities. The installation of the equipment, training in I-24/7 tools and INTERPOL Awareness Seminars were provided to the beneficiary countries. The equipment provided makes it possible to participate in the latest I-24/7 developments, including the possibility of network access from local law enforcement agencies. A final report was presented to the European Union in December 2004 with some recommendations to be implemented in the future. European police chiefs task force INTERPOL has participated as an Observer at EPCTF meetings since 2003. Following the implementation of the Dutch initiative COSPOL (Comprehensive Operational Strategic Planning for the Police), INTERPOL is participating in the COSPOL groups on terrorism, counterfeiting of the Euro and other currencies, Western Balkan Organized Crime and cyber crime/child pornography. In addition, the INTERPOL representative is a member of the Working Group on the Contingency Plan for emergency events.
Background The Task Force on Organised Crime in the Baltic Sea Region is a separate body established following a decision taken by the Heads of Government at the Baltic Sea States Summit in 1996. Mission To prevent and combat organized crime in the region. Efforts have been concentrated on:
Structure The Task Force consists of personal representatives of the Heads of Government. The existing structures in the region for bilateral/multilateral co-operation have served as a basis for the work. An Operative Committee (OPC) and several expert groups have been set up to plan and execute operational activity among member countries. In April 2004 the Intelligence Group on Criminal Networks was established. The objective of this group is to exchange crime intelligence on criminal networks operating transnationally in the Baltic Sea Region, with a view to initiating operational activities. The OPC Co-ordinator in the Baltic Sea Task Force is responsible for collecting and reporting on all operational activities performed by national authorities in his or her country. The INTERPOL Co-ordinator is responsible for contributing from ongoing projects and work at INTERPOL. Participating countries Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, the Presidency of the European Union and the European Commission, Europol and the World Customs Organization (WCO). Each country has one Co-ordinator on the Operative Committee (OPC) and participates in one or more Expert Groups and in the Intelligence Group on Criminal Networks. Role of Interpol INTERPOL representatives are invited to attend Operative Committee (OPC) meetings in the role of INTERPOL Co-ordinator. INTERPOL also participates in some of the Expert Groups. All the BSTF countries actively use the INTERPOL I-24/7 system to exchange police information. INTERPOL promotes the organizational structure of the BSTF as a good example of co-operation can be achieved.
Background On 8 December 1991 in Viskuli, the residence of the Belarusian Government in the Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park, the leaders of the Republic of Belarus, Russian Federation and Ukraine signed the Agreement on the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Mission The CIS performs its activities on the basis of the Charter adopted by the Council of Heads of States on 22 January 1993, which stipulates the goals and principles of the Commonwealth, and the rights and obligations assumed by the countries on a voluntary basis. The Commonwealth was formed on the basis of the sovereign equality and independence of all its member States, which are all equally subject to international law. As stated in the Charter, the CIS fosters further development and strengthening of friendly relations, inter-ethnic accord, trust and mutual understanding, and co-operation between States. The Commonwealth is not a State and does not have supranational powers. In September 1993 the Heads of State signed the Treaty on establishment of the Economic Union, in which they set out the concept of transformation of economic interaction within the Commonwealth, taking into consideration the current situation. The Treaty was based on the need to create a common economic space based on the principles of free movement of goods, services, workers and capital, the harmonization of policies on currencies, credit, tax, price, customs and foreign economic policies, and of management methods for economic activities, the creation of favourable conditions for the development of direct production links and combating crime. Structure Interaction between countries within the CIS is carried out via its co-ordinating institutions: the Council of Heads of State, Council of Heads of Government, the Councils of Foreign Ministers, Ministers of Internal Affairs, Defence Ministers, and Border Troops Commanders, the Interparliamentary Assembly, the Executive Committee (the latter being the legal successor to the former Executive Secretariat), and the Interstate Economic Committee of the Economic Union. Council of Ministers of Internal Affairs (MIA ) Meetings are hosted twice a year (usually in the spring and autumn). The Organized Crime Combating Co-ordination Bureau was set up for the purposes of co-operation to combat crime on the territory of CIS Member States and is at present located in Moscow. Participating countries On 21 December 1991 in Almaty, the heads of 11 sovereign States (not including the Baltic States and Georgia) signed the Protocol to the above Agreement, in which they stated that the Azerbaijan Republic, the Republic of Armenia, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Moldova, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the Republic of Uzbekistan and Ukraine established the Commonwealth of Independent States on an equal basis. The participants at the meeting unanimously adopted the Almaty Declaration, which confirmed the commitment of the former union republics to co-operation on various external and internal policies, and later guaranteed the implementation of international commitments made by the former Soviet Union. In December 1993 the Commonwealth was joined by Georgia. Thus, at present the CIS comprises 12 sovereign States (all former Soviet republics): Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Russia, Uzbekistan and Ukraine. Role of Interpol 12 CIS countries are members of INTERPOL and work under the same conditions established for all Member Countries of the ICPO-INTERPOL. The Secretary General as well as other representatives from IPSG participated in the several meetings of the Council of MIA Joint activities
Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States (TACIS) Russian Federation and Ukraine TACIS-INTERPOL project in Ukraine 1 Million Euros-24 months Implementation of the Operation: Proposed Strategy and Work Plan Project justification The Delegation of the European Commission (EC) in Kiev has approached INTERPOL General Secretariat to contribute to the implementation of the project called 'International cooperation in Criminal Matters'. The project takes its ground in the EC TACIS Action Programme 2004 for Ukraine which was countersigned by the Ukrainian Authorities early 2005. The overall objective is 'to foster the fight against trans-national crime and support the consolidation of the rule of law in Ukraine'. The overall budget foreseen for the project implementation is 2,5 millions euros. INTERPOL contribution is requested for the implementation of the project’s Objective 2: 'To upgrade the connection between Ukrainian law enforcement agencies and the INTERPOL communication system in the framework of the I24/7 technology setting up '. Implementing this specific Objective is therefore the project for which INTERPOL is called. Since July 2005, INTERPOL General Secretariat has carried out relevant studies in close consultation with the NCB Kiev Management staff in order to issue the project’s Terms of Reference (TOR) which will constitute the fundament of a Grant agreement/Contract to be signed by the European Commission and INTERPOL Project basic elements: According to a letter addressed in June 2005 to INTERPOL General Secretary by the Ambassador of the EC Delegation of the European Commission to Ukraine, the allocated budget foreseen in the project with INTERPOL is 1 Million euros. The project partner within Ukraine has been identified as the Ministry Of Interior (esp. the INTERPOL National Central Bureau.) Project Objective: To upgrade the connection between Ukrainian law enforcement agencies and the INTERPOL communication system in the framework of the I24/7 technology setting up. Expected results: The criminal Intelligence flow between INTERPOL and Ukrainian law enforcement agencies is increased. The capacity of the law enforcement agents to manage and exploit the entire potential of the new communication system is enhanced.
3 Million Euros - 30 months Project justification The Delegation of the European Commission in Moscow has approached INTERPOL General Secretariat to implement the project called 'INTERPOL network modernisation 'within the Russian Federation. This project take its ground in the 'Action plan on Common Action for the Russian Federation on Combating Organised Crime' adopted by the European Council in 2000. The issue is specifically addressed by the EC TACIS Action Programme 2004 whose Financing Agreement has been signed by the Russian Authorities in 2005. INTERPOL General Secretariat is requested to carry out relevant studies in close consultation with the NCB Moscow Management staff in order to issue the project’s Terms of Reference (TOR) which will constitute the fundament of a Grant agreement/Contract to be signed by the European Commission and INTERPOL. According to the 'project fiche' drafted by the EC Delegation in Moscow the 'INTERPOL Network Modernisation' project for the Russian Federation is a 3 million euros and to be implemented in 30 months. The project partner within the Federation (Beneficiary country) has been identified as the INTERPOL National Central Bureau. The project general objective is: to put in place a basis for regional and international co-operation as a means to support the national police forces of the TACIS region to fight national and international crime more effectively. The project specific objectives are: -An updating of the computerised system of the INTERPOL National Central Bureau in Moscow and deployment of remote access workstations in the framework of the INTERPOL's I-24/7 Global Police Communications System, their integration nationally, regionally and internationally in an effective information exchange network; An increase in the exchange of information on international criminal investigations via INTERPOL; b) An increase in the concerned senior investigators’ capacity to participate in international criminal investigations.
The United States of America and the Government of Hungary have cooperated to create the International Law Enforcement Academy in Budapest, Hungary. The ILEA is an eight-week personal and professional development program, conducted for fifty (50) students from Central and Eastern European countries, in five (5) sessions per year, for a total of 250 students per year; each session involves 16 students selected from three different countries to minimize interpreter and translation requirements. The remaining two slots are offered to Hungary, as the host country, in recognition of their support in the establishment of the ILEA Program. In addition to topical seminars and courses, an International Law Enforcement Academy Program has been established similar to the domestic FBI National Academy Program in the United States. INTERPOL’s Sub-Directorate for Europe regularly participates in training sessions with lectures.
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